UoSAT-12: Launched 1999

UoSAT-12 was the first satellite to have a web address in orbit. On 25th January 2001, UOSAT-12 became the first web server in space when an Internet Protocol stack was uploaded to the satellite, allowing experiments in extending the Internet to space to be made by NASA Goddard as part of its Operating Missions as NOdes on the Internet (OMNI) project. 

UoSAT-12 was the first satellite to use Nitrous Oxide as a propellent in an experimental resistojet thruster. It used 100W of power, achieved 50mN of thrust and it ran at up to 1000 degrees centrigrade.   

UoSAT-12 was also the first satellite to demonstrate autonomous orbit control using on-board GPS and the propulsion system to maintain a drag-free orbit over a period of months. In September 2000, the autonomous orbit control system developed with Microcosm USA,  on-board UoSAT-12 operated continuously for 29 days and demonstrated accurate autonomous in-track orbit control under the adverse conditions of long GPS outages and an initial halving of thrust followed by a return to full thrust midway into the run.

The launch of UoSAT-12 represented the first commercial mission on the DNEPR rocket, converted from the former Soviet Union's arsenal of SS-18 Satan missiles (all of which have to be destroyed or used for peaceful purposes under the START arms reduction treaty). The DNEPR vehicle was created in 1997 under an agreement between the Russian and Ukrainian space agencies.